Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Baš kao što se problemi sa komarcima neće riješiti insekticidima, tako ni štetočine nikako nisu kontrolirane uporabom otrova.

Otrov u sandučiću Otrov u sandučiću Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Već dugi niz godina se otrov za štakore dostavlja u kućanstava diljem otoka u sasvim neadekvatnim vrećicama od celofana. Da stvar bude još gora, upute su unutra, tako da, ako ih želite pročitati, morate rukovati sa otrovom. Još nezgodnije je stranim vlasnicima kuća, koji ne znaju Hrvatski. Tako se može dogoditi i to, da je jedan stranac bijelu tabletu unutar pakiranja sa crvenim granulama smatrao protuotrovom. Srećom, nije bilo potrebe, da je upotrijebi, jer je tableta zapravo poseban otrov namijenjen za septičke jame, i naravno, ne sadrži nikakav protuotrov. Protuotrov za ove granule je vitamin K.

Upozorenja o isporučivanju otrova su rijetkost. Iako službene web stranice Starog Grada uvijek prenose obavijesti ovog tipa, u ostalim mjestima na otoku to nije slučaj. U Pitvama se obično, dan-dva prije zalijepi mala obavijest na kontejner.

Međutim, tijekom 2016. godine je došlo do poboljšanja situacije u Jelsi, gdje se upozorenja prenose kroz web stranicu Općinskog Vijeća, kao i kroz njihovu oglasnu ploču.

Po zakonu moraju vitamini biti pakirani na siguran način, ali čini se, da otrovi za štakore ne moraju. Ovaj neodgovoran i opasan običaj se nije promijenio niti ulaskom zemlje u Europsku Uniju. Vrećice se ostavljaju naizgled nasumice u mjestima po otoku. Događalo se, da sam ih pronalazila na različitim mjestima: kod prozora kuće, viseći iz mog poštanskog sandučića, čak i na svom autu! Način dostave je očito vrlo neodgovoran. Jesu li ali otrovi korišteni na odgovoran način? Najčešće se jednostavno postave u manjim količinama oko kuće, čak i tamo gdje mogu biti opasni za kućne ljubimce ili malu djecu. Najsigurniji način postavljanja takvih otrova - ako osjećate, da baš morate koristiti takve otrove - je upotrijebiti čvrstu cijev sa rupama za ulazak i izlazak, koje su dovoljno velike za miševe ili štakore, ali su premale za sve druge životinje.

Pakiranja otrova za štakore dostavljana u lokalna kućanstva. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Dok štetočine unutar zgrada sasvim sigurno predstavljaju problem i moguću opasnost za zdravlje, isto se ne može reći za miševe i štakore u divljini, koji imaju svoje mjesto (ako ništa drugo) u prirodnom prehrambenom lancu. Za bolji uvid u njihov način života, pogledajte video u nastavku, ili kliknite ovdje.

S obzirom na redovite doze otrova, štakori postaju otporni, stoga otrov nije rješenje. S druge strane, iako otrov ne bi trebao privlačiti druge životinje, ipak se to događa i nekoliko mačaka i pasa je već smrtno stradalo od otrova. Stvarno tužno i štetno, jer su mačke one, koje drže štakore i miševe, čak i zmije pod kontrolom. Za bilo koju veću pojavu štakora je najbolja metoda za izbjegavanje problema otpornosti na otrove pustiti upornog psa (kao što je Jack russelov terijer), da ih lovi ili koristiti zamke.

Lokalne vlasti moraju potrošiti značajan iznos na distribuciju tih otrova. Gledajući financijsko izvješće Općinskog Vijeća iz 2015. godine, nisam uspjela identificirati točan iznos potrošen na kampanju protiv štetočina i insekata, jer ove stavke nisu navedene pojedinačno. Troši li se taj novac na pametan način? Mislim da ne.

U Velikoj Britaniji su otrovi protiv štetočina dostupni, ali ne distribuiraju se na veliko kroz lokalne vlasti. Distribuirali su se (i možda se to još uvijek tako radi) samo na zahtjev. Prije nekih šezdeset godina, dok smo živjeli nedaleko Londona, moj brat, sestra i ja smo jednom po povratku iz škole pronašli neoznačenu staklenku na kuhinjskom stolu. Moja, po naravi neustrašiva sestra je navalila na staklenku i kako joj se okus činio "sirast", nastavila je jesti, da umanji svoju glad. Nismo imali pun frižider u onim danima, doduše nismo uopće imali frižider i ostava je bila prazna. Međutim, brat i ja smo bili oprezniji te smo odbili njezinu ljubaznu ponudu, da sa nama podjeli sadržaj staklenke. Možete zamisliti horor, koji je doživjela naša majka po povratku sa posla, kada je pitala za staklenku sa otrovom za štakore. Sestra je provela noć u bolnici, gdje su joj kroz pošteno ispumpavanje želuca spasili život. Mislim, da je to bilo zadnji put, da su iz općine ostavili neobilježen otrov za štakore u nečijem domu u nevino izgledajućoj, neosiguranoj staklenci.

Na Hvaru sam poslijednih godina uspjela zaustaviti isporuke otrova postavljanjem obavijesti na svojoj kući. Jednostavan natpis: "Otrov, ne hvala" preporučujem svima, koji ne žele biti opterećeni rukovanjem ili skladištenjem opasnih stvari.

Nekontrolirana distribucija otrova je očito opasna. Uz činjenicu, da otrov nije učinkovit postupak za suzbijanje štetočina, ovaj način postupanja je potrebno razmotriti i potrebno je trenutnu praksu znatno poboljšati - kao stvar od iznimne hitnosti.

© Vivian Grisogono 2016

Prevodila Ivana Župan

 

Video sadržaj

Snimljeno u Wytham Woods blzu Oxforda u Engleskoj University of Oxford
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Novosti iz prirode Opasni otrovi! Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Exclusive: Campaigners claim changes will let companies ‘off the hook’, as government prepares to unveil new white paper for water industry

    Water companies could be let off fines for polluting the environment under changes announced in the government’s new white paper.

    The environment secretary, Emma Reynolds, hailed the changes as “once-in-a-generation reforms” featuring “tough oversight, real accountability and no more excuses”.

    Continue reading...

  • The Andaman coast was one of very few places in the world with a viable population but then dead dugongs began washing up. Now half have gone

    A solitary figure stands on the shore of Thailand’s Tang Khen Bay. The tide is slowly rising over the expanse of sandy beach, but the man does not seem to notice. His eyes are not fixed on the sea, but on the small screen clutched between his hands.

    About 600 metres offshore, past the shadowy fringe of coral reef, his drone hovers over the murky sea, focused on a whirling grey shape: Miracle, the local dugong, is back.

    Continue reading...

  • Changing temperatures may be behind change in behaviour, which experts fear threatens three species’ survival

    Penguins in Antarctica have radically shifted their breeding season, apparently as a response to climate change, research has found.

    Dramatic shifts in behaviour were revealed by a decade-long study led by Penguin Watch at the University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University, with some penguins’ breeding period moving forward by more than three weeks.

    Continue reading...

  • Studies detecting microplastics throughout human bodies have made for alarming reading in recent years. But last week, the Guardian’s environment editor, Damian Carrington, reported on major doubts among a group of scientists about how some of this research has been conducted.

    Damian tells Ian Sample how he first heard about the concerns, why the scientists think the discoveries are probably the result of contamination and false positives, and where it leaves the field. He also reflects on how we should now think about our exposure to microplastics

    Clips: Vox, Detroit Local 4

    Continue reading...

  • Even 25% increase in meat and dairy consumption would require 100m more acres of agricultural land, analysis says

    The Trump administration’s new dietary guidelines urging Americans to eat far more meat and dairy products will, if followed, come at a major cost to the planet via huge swathes of habitat razed for farmland and millions of tons of extra planet-heating emissions.

    A new inverted food pyramid recently released by Donald Trump’s health department emphasizes pictures of steak, poultry, ground beef and whole milk, alongside fruits and vegetables, as the most important foods to eat.

    Continue reading...

  • Intense rainfall has caused the water to go murky in some areas, making them attractive spots for fish and sharks to feed

    Four people have been attacked by sharks in New South Wales in 48 hours, including three incidents at Sydney beaches.

    Any shark bite incident is traumatic and Sydney swimmers have been warned to stay out of the water.

    Continue reading...

  • Buxton, Derbyshire: Others are taller, wider, older, but our varied stock of willows have a generosity that sets them apart

    Usually in this country when we think about important trees, we focus on height, girth, age, visual impact – in short, their material properties. Few therefore would probably name willow as a number one British species.

    Willows often have no central trunk as in our archetypal tree model, and few specimens are more than 7 metres tall. Yet there is a sphere in which willows are pre‑eminent: more invertebrates live on them (452 species) than any other trees, including oaks, their closest contenders (423). In his glorious guide Trees of Britain and Ireland, Jon Stokes points out that 160 lichens thrive on willows too.

    Continue reading...

  • As Labour shakes up regulation, suppliers are finally investing – but face problems such as contractor shortages and inflation

    When a sluice gate failed 24 metres below the water’s surface at Thames Water’s Queen Mother reservoir near London’s Heathrow airport, there were no easy fixes available. Emptying 37m cubic metres (1,307m cu ft) of water was not an option, meaning that helmeted divers were limited to 98-minute stints in the high-pressure environment.

    The risky project required a team on a floating platform with a crane to cut out the broken equipment with thermal lances, bolt a plate on to the reservoir wall, and install the new equipment. It took more than a year until last October to complete, according to Glenfield Invicta, the contractor that carried out the work for Thames Water.

    Continue reading...

  • Experts call for tighter regulation as GPS tracking reveals how people’s behaviour affects the lives of some of the world’s largest birds

    Many people look up to admire the silhouette of raptors, some of the planet’s largest birds, soaring through seemingly empty skies. But increasingly, research shows us that this fascination runs both ways. From high above, these birds are watching us too.

    Thanks to the development of tiny GPS tracking devices attached to their bodies, researchers are getting millions of data points on the day-to-day lives of these apex predators of the skies, giving us greater insight into where they hunt and rest, and how they die.

    Continue reading...

  • A return to nuclear power is at the heart of Japan’s energy policy but, in the wake of the 2011 disaster, residents’ fears about tsunamis, earthquakes and evacuation plans remain

    The activity around the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant is reaching its peak: workers remove earth to expand the width of a main road, while lorries arrive at its heavily guarded entrance. A long perimeter fence is lined with countless coils of razor wire, and in a layby, a police patrol car monitors visitors to the beach – one of the few locations with a clear view of the reactors, framed by a snowy Mount Yoneyama.

    When all seven of its reactors are working, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa generates 8.2 gigawatts of electricity, enough to power millions of households. Occupying 4.2 sq km of land in Niigata prefecture on the Japan Sea coast, it is the biggest nuclear power plant in the world.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen