Zdravlje i zdravstvena zaštita našeg doba

Objavljeno u Zdravlje

Neki od koncepata u podlozi ECO HVARa za zdravlje.

S obzirom na to da sam radila u polju fizikalne rehabilitacije preko 35 godina, prisustvovala sam mnogim promjenama medicinske prakse. Neke su bile na bolje, neke na gore.

Modernom medicinom dominira uporaba terapijskih lijekova. Unosan posao. Veliki profiti za tvrtke koje pronađu pravu nišu na tržištu. Zato je na djelu konstantna utrka za proizvodnjom novog magičnog lijeka koji bi liječio sve moguće ljudske tegobe, da ne spominjem lijekove za prevenciju bolesti, poželjno upakiranog i promoviranog za uporabu što većeg broja ljudi kroz što duži period.

Dobra strana je da se mnogo odmaklo u kontroliranju bolesti poput ospica. Loša strana je da mnogi lijekovi imaju nuspojave koje izazivaju sekundarne probleme, od kojih neki mogu biti opasni ili čak fatalni; a pretjerano je korištenje antibiotika dovelo do stvaranja infekcija koje su otporne na lijelove, poput MRSA i C.Diff te porast bolesti koje bi lijekovi trebali liječiti, poput, na lijekove otporne, tuberkuloze.

Mnogi terapijski lijekovi mogu se danas nabaviti na šalterima i na internetu. Postoje različita pravila propisivanja lijekova. U Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, osim registriranih liječnika, neke sestre, patronažne sestre, fizioterapeuti i podolozi imaju pravo propisivati određene vrste lijekova, kao i stomatolozi. Kad god se za pacijenta brine nekoliko praktičara, postoji rizik pretjeranog propisivanja lijekova. Još gore, ako praktičari nisu koordinirani, lijekovi suprotnog učinka mogu se primijeniti, a to može dovesti do blaže smetnje ili katastrofe.

Na neki način naglasak na terapiju lijekovima poremetio je principe medicinske njege. Mnogi doktori i pacijenti očekuju da lijek može iskočiti iz boce ili kesice i da je „znanstvena medicina“ jedini način nošenja sa zdravstvenim problemima. Kad sam se obrazovala za fizioterapeuta prije svih tih godina, bila sam nesklona liječiti pacijente s tuberkulozom jer su mi oba roditelja patila od nje, a najstariji brat je umro od iste bolesti. Strahovi su mi odagnani na sljedeći način: „Nije problem dobiti tuberkulozu ovih dana jer se jednostavno uzimaju lijekovi i onda sve bude dobro“. U duhu ovog lažnog samopouzdanja, tijekom narednih godina, većina izolacijskih bolnica za infektivne bolesti u UK je zatvorena. Ovo je, naravno, bilo prije tuberkuloze otporne na lijekove, sad najvećeg razloga za zabrinutost u svjetskom zdravstvu, pored uspona tzv. superbakterij, spomenutih iznad, koje se nalaze u gotovo svim bolnicama u UK. Američki izvještaj „Prijetnje otpornosti na antibiotike u SAD-u, 2013“ koji izdaje Centar za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti utvrdio je da se „većina smrti povezanih s otpornosti na antibiotike događa u uvjetima zdravstvene skrbi, poput bolnica ili staračkih domova“.

Iz ugla pacijanata, očekivanja da se bolesti liječe čudima moderne medicine stvorila su osjećaj nepobjedivosti. Ljudi se ne osjećaju odgovornima za prevenciju bolesti i promociju vlastite dobrobiti. Promocije zdravlja dođu i prođu, a konstantno se se u medijima mogu primijetiti poruke, ponekad kontradiktorne, o tome što znači „živjeti zdravo“.

Zdrav život ovisi o mnogo faktora, koji si fizički, mentalni i emocionalni. Okoliš isto igra važnu ulogu. Ne postoji jedinstvena formula za zdrav životni stil. Mnogo ovisi o pojedincu. Prehrana, vježbanje i životni stil imaju utjecaj na zdravlje pojedinca i moraju se razmatrati holistički u relaciji s pojedinčevim kapacitetima, preferencijama i aspiracijama. Vrhunski sportaš ima drugačije potrebe od radnika koji sjedi u uredu, ali da bi bili zdravi, obojica moraju paziti na prehranu, tjelovježbu i životne navike. Za sve je higijena od primarne važnosti u preveniranju i kontroliranju infekcija i unakrsnih infekcija.

Godine iskustva u rehabilitaciji specijaliziranoj za traumu i sportske ozljede su me, naravno, naučile mnogo. Osnovni principi mog djelovanja su bili konstantni cijelo vrijeme:

  1. jednostavna rješenja
  2. sloboda izbora

Preferiram prirodne lijekove za ozljede i bolesti, kad god je moguće. Ljudsko tijelo ima moćne kapacitete da ozdravi samo sebe, u ispravnim uvjetima. Na praktičaru je da pomogne stvoriti prave uvjete. Pacijent (ili osoba odgovorna za pacijenta u slučaju djeteta ili osobe nesposobne da donosi razumne odluke) trebala bi biti informirana o prirodi ozljede ili bolesti, mogućim tretmanima i njihovim efektima (uključujući rizike) te metodama samopomoći. Onda je na pacijentu da odluči koji smjer djelovanja je najbolji u određenoj situaciji. Vrlo često, osjećati kontrolu u nekoj situaciji je važan dio pacijentove sposobnosti oporavka.

Ovo je pozadina stvaranja ECO HVARA za zdravlje, neprofitne organizacije koja promovira razumijevanje zdravih životnih stilova, prevencije problema i njihovih rješenja.

© Vivian Grisogono 2013
Prijevod: Bartul Mimica  
Nalazite se ovdje: Home članci o zdravlju Zdravlje i zdravstvena zaštita našeg doba

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Full of clovers and dandelions, with a hard-wearing rye grass, the approach is environmentally friendly and usable

    Is there a perfect formula for a hard-wearing flower lawn that is good for pollinators, dogs and people?

    The immaculately mown green has fallen out of favour in recent years owing to its lack of support for biodiversity. But there have also been complaints about the tall wildflower meadows that grow during “no mow May” and are less usable for humans and pets.

    Continue reading...

  • Hundreds of projects supported by USAID have been thrown into doubt, as fears grow of an increase in crimes such as poaching and trafficking

    When the guns finally fell silent in 1992, little was left alive in Gorongosa national park. During the 15 years of Mozambique’s civil war – in which more than a million people died – the country’s wildlife also paid a terrible price. Poaching for meat and ivory was so intense that the small surviving elephant population rapidly evolved to lose their tusks. Leopards, wild dogs and spotted hyenas had all disappeared. Populations of zebra, buffalo and other herbivores had collapsed.

    In the following years, a huge effort to restore the park took shape. Led by the philanthropist Gregory Carr and Mozambique’s government, it was the start of the park’s journey to becoming one of Africa’s most celebrated wildlife conservation success stories. Today, elephants, lions, hippos, antelope, painted wolves, hyenas and leopards all thrive in the park once again – thanks to work that for the past 20 years has been supported by a long-term partnership with USAID.

    Continue reading...

  • Experts say previous economic models underestimated impact of global heating – as well as likely ‘cascading supply chain disruptions’

    Economic models have systematically underestimated how global heating will affect people’s wealth, according to a new study that finds 4C warming will make the average person 40% poorer – an almost four-fold increase on some estimates.

    The study by Australian scientists suggests average per person GDP across the globe will be reduced by 16% even if warming is kept to 2C above pre-industrial levels. This is a much greater reduction than previous estimates, which found the reduction would be 1.4%.

    Continue reading...

  • Perhaps the most awe-inspiring of over 2,000 species is the amber comet, thought to only remain in Texas and Mexico

    If invertebrates are mostly unheralded workers that keep life on Earth ticking over, then fireflies are the rare flamboyant stars that help make that life worth living. They are Elton John in platform shoes and outlandish glasses at his piano, they are Sabrina Carpenter in a glamorous dress as she drops her towel on stage.

    Much like a Hollywood starlet who lounges around all day in a dressing gown eating crisps only to emerge later in stunning fashion on the red carpet, fireflies are creatures of the night, where their spectacular light shows both enchant and confound us.

    Between 24 March and 2 April, we will be profiling a shortlist of 10 of the invertebrates chosen by readers and selected by our wildlife writers from more than 2,500 nominations. The voting for our 2025 invertebrate of the year will run from midday on Wednesday 2 April until midday on Friday 4 April, and the winner will be announced on Monday 7 April.

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive: Moetai Brotherson fears environmental risks of controversial practice and says independence from France must not be ‘rushed’

    French Polynesia’s president has issued a stark warning over the risks of deep-sea mining, saying it will be allowed in his territory “over my dead body” as he argues the potential for environmental damage outweighs any benefits.

    Moetai Brotherson’s comments to the Guardian come as countries in the Pacific and elsewhere grapple with whether to extract minerals from the sea floor. Deep-sea mining has not yet begun, but some companies and countries are exploring the practice, which could start in the coming years.

    Continue reading...

  • Wincle, Cheshire: These UK winter visitors herald their departure by tuning their voices to the flock’s exuberant tuneless wanderings

    On the path to Wincle Minn, I heard redwings singing from the treetops. It was notable because, while 700,000 of them winter in these islands, barely 50 stay to breed. Yet the birds migrating back to Iceland or Scandinavia, lulled by increases in day length and temperature, start to tune up until the whole flock catches this pre-song habit. The collective voices mark a very specific moment in the year and, as much as the sight of a swallow, tuneless late March redwing rehearsals speak only of spring.

    It wasn’t so much a sound as a soundscape or sonic atmosphere: a seamless layer of twittering mixed with awkward rubbery squalling, yet also scraps of sweetness. A recurrent element was a five-six note running of scales, up or down, with a hint of song thrush but of song thrush song stuttering, or as if the phrases had spilled out inadvertently.

    Continue reading...

  • Locals are feeling the impact of the more than 17,000 tonnes of uncollected rubbish in the city’s streets

    “I’m afraid to open my front door, they’re everywhere,” said Mary Dore, eyeing the ground outside her house in Balsall Heath suspiciously. “They run out from under the cars when you get in, they’re going in the engines. They chewed through the cables in my son’s car, costing him god knows how much.

    “There’s one street I can’t walk my dog because they come running out of the grass and the piles of rubbish. One time I screamed.”

    Continue reading...

  • New Zealand’s docile, solitary and elusive ‘god of ugly things’ does wonders for the forest-floor ecosystem

    Are you sick of throwing yourself on the altar of unrealistic beauty standards? Do you long to celebrate the delightfully monstrous, to give the spiny stuff of shadows their day in the sun? Then consider the mighty wētāpunga – an endemic New Zealand insect so revered for its unconventional beauty its name means “god of ugly things”.

    This forest behemoth is thought to be the heaviest adult insect in the world, with a female weighing as much as a mouse or a sparrow. Its body can grow up to 10cm long (nearly 4in) and its leg span can be as wide as 20cm. Once found across parts of the North Island, the vulnerable wētāpunga – the largest of 70 wētā species – now resides entirely on a smattering of predator-free islands near Auckland.

    Between 24 March and 2 April, we will be profiling a shortlist of 10 of the invertebrates chosen by readers and selected by our wildlife writers from more than 2,500 nominations. The voting for our 2025 invertebrate of the year will run from midday on Wednesday 2 April until midday on Friday 4 April, and the winner will be announced on Monday 7 April.

    Continue reading...

  • Northern Ontario is seeing a ‘shorter window’ for ice roads that deliver vital supplies to remote First Nations

    At first there was no answer on the satellite phone. But on the third call, Donald Meeseetawageesic heard his sister’s voice. “We need somebody to come and tow us out,” he told her.

    It was a warmer-than-normal night in early March and Meeseetawageesic, the elected band councillor for Eabametoong First Nation, was stranded in a 4x4 truck on the dark winter road leading to his community. The tyres were stuck in the deep snow and the temperature outside was below freezing. Help was about 60km (37 miles) away.

    Continue reading...

  • These creatures evolved over millenia to create nature’s finest circular economy, but are now struggling to survive

    There’s no preparing for a first encounter with a thriving coral reef: your attention ricochets between dramas of colour, form and movement. A blaze of fire coral, darting clown fish, crimson sponge, electric blue ray … a turtle! Your heart soars, your head spins. Nowhere else will you encounter such density and diversity of life.

    Corals are the architects of all this splendour. Their immobile forms suggest plants, but they’re animals – solar-powered ones. Each is a colony of thousands, sometimes millions, of tiny coral polyps, each resembling a slimmed-down sea anemone, just millimetres tall.

    Between 24 March and 2 April, we will be profiling a shortlist of 10 of the invertebrates chosen by readers and selected by our wildlife writers from more than 2,500 nominations. The voting for our 2025 invertebrate of the year will run from midday on Wednesday 2 April until midday on Friday 4 April, and the winner will be announced on Monday 7 April.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen